Adverse events that arise from vaccines can and should be reported to the Vaccine Adverse Event Reporting System, also known as VAERS, located here: https://vaers.hhs.gov/. All vaccine providers are legally bound to report certain adverse events to VAERS. The list of reportable injuries for non COVID-19 vaccines are found here: 

https://vaers.hhs.gov/docs/VAERS_Table_of_Reportable_Events_Following_Vaccination.pdf

COVID-19 vaccine providers are legally bound to report any adverse events, regardless of causality, to VAERS. (link: https://vaers.hhs.gov/reportevent.html). 

For licensed COVID-19 vaccines (Moderna and Pfizer-BioNTech in people ages 12 years and older), healthcare providers are strongly encouraged to report to VAERS:

• Any adverse event that occurs after the administration of a vaccine licensed in the United States, whether or not it is clear that a vaccine caused the adverse event
• Vaccine administration errors, whether or not associated with an adverse event

For COVID-19 vaccines given under an Emergency Use Authorization (EUA), vaccination providers are required to report to VAERS:

• Vaccine administration errors, whether or not associated with an adverse event
• Serious adverse events regardless of causality. Serious adverse events per FDA are defined as:
• Cases of Multisystem Inflammatory Syndrome (MIS) in children and adults
• Cases of myocarditis
• Cases of pericarditis
• Cases of COVID-19 that result in hospitalization or death

In addition, vaccine providers who administer the vaccines are also bound by the CDC’s COVID-19 vaccine provider agreement, which can be found here: (put link to the document VACCINE PROVIDER AGREEMENT which I will give you). Item 10 in the agreement states “Organization must report moderate and severe adverse events following vaccination to the Vaccine Adverse Event Reporting System”. Upon signing the agreement, the provider acknowledges that non-compliance with the agreement could lead to criminal and civil penalties, including the False Claims Act, 31 U.S. Code § 3729 and other related federal laws.